Chest pain is the pain felt in the chest by infants, children and adolescents. In most cases the pain is not associated with the heart. It is mainly recognized by the observance or report of pain by the infant, child or adolescent by reports of distress by parents or care givers. Chest pain is not unusual in children. Lots of children are seen in ambulatory clinics, emergency rooms and hospitals and cardiology clinics. Usually there is a benign cause for the (...) pain for utmost children. Certain patients have conditions that are serious and perhaps life-threatening. Chest pain in pediatric patients needs careful physical examination and a detailed history that would point to the possibility of a serious cause. Researches of pediatric chest pain are scarce. It has been difficult to create evidence-based guidelines for evaluation. In this paper we propose an expert system to help doctors and parents, and care giver in diagnosing chest pain in infants and children. This expert System is design and implemented in SL5 Object language. (shrink)

The paper depicts the blueprint of an electronic wise indicating system for demonstrating learning French to understudies to overcome the inconveniences they go up against. The fundamental idea of this structure is a proficient introduction into learning French. The system shows the purpose of learning French and coordinates thusly made issues for the understudies to clarify. The system is logically balanced at run time to the understudy’s individual progress. The system gives unequivocal help to adaptable presentation to learners.

Contemporary global events, such as the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the unresolved conflict in the Middle East, and the pessimistic relationships with Muslim countries, pose challenges for Muslims living in the United States in all walks of life. In addition, Muslims encounter daily struggles to live within a society that follows considerably dissimilar beliefs, norms, and way of life. Therefore, Islamic schools and other organizations emerged in response to those challenges. There are several debates in the literature about Islamic (...) schools; among those debates is whether Islamic schools segregate Muslim students, inspire religious intolerance, and rejection of social pluralism's ideals. In addition, there are debates of whether Islamic schools are capable of developing a strong Muslim identity skilled to tackle future challenges. Discussing these debates is considered the first step to critically tackling the challenges meeting Islamic schools, their relevance, and their continuity in a way that benefits Muslim generations and the American society. Furthermore, such debates draw attention to the impediments facing the success of these schools and the possible strategies to resolve problematic issues. This article explores each of these debates in detail. (shrink)

The extended neoteric ranked set sampling plan proposed by Taconeli and Cabral has proven to outperform many one stages and two stages ranked set sampling plans when estimating the mean and the variance for different populations. Therefore, in this paper, the likelihood function based on ENRSS is proposed and used for estimation of the parameters of the inverted Nadarajah–Haghighi distribution. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to assess the performance of the proposed likelihood function, and the efficiency of (...) the estimated parameters based on ENRSS is compared with the well-known ranked set sampling plan and some of its modifications. These modifications include the extended ranked set sampling plan and the neoteric ranked set sampling plan. The results as foreseeable were very satisfactory and gave similar results to Taconeli and Cabral’s 2019 results. (shrink)

The present study examines the extent to which sociohistorical and political contexts influence the language attitudes of Israeli-Druze students to Hebrew as L2 and to Modern Standard Arabic in Arabic-speaking schools. It is a pioneer explorative research study that compares students’ attitudes toward diglossia and L2. Using the Foreign Languages Attitudes and Goals Survey, the attitudes of second, fifth, and ninth graders in two different Druze schools were assessed. The results indicate a positive attitude towards L2 Hebrew, not only for (...) instrumental purposes but also for integration into Israel’s multicultural society. The positive attitude to L2 Hebrew is greater in older students, while the attitude to MSA becomes more negative among older students. Their low motivation to learn cultural heritage MSA may contribute to an understanding of how to teach it better or differently, as well as how to encourage future generations to learn it. (shrink)

Research on new media has always highlighted the assumption that in authoritarian contexts, communication technologies provide political activists with ampler space than available in the heavily policed physical world. However, social and political changes taking place throughout Egypt and the Arab region reflect a shift. In a country like Egypt, where only around 30 % of the population have internet access, the vibrant digital media scene is relocating itself once more in public spaces. Digital initiatives, such as Askar Kadhibun and (...) Musirrin, are transforming online media material into older modes of traditional media, such as graffiti and traveling street performances. This constitutes a shift towards the ascendancy of popular cultural production, and a challenge to the reification and sacrilization of digital media in a context where poverty and illiteracy play a major role in both the dissemination of information and in political mobilization. (shrink)

This paper introduces the new novel four-parameter Weibull distribution named as the Marshall–Olkin alpha power Weibull distribution. Some statistical properties of the distribution are examined. Based on Type-I censored and Type-II censored samples, maximum likelihood estimation, maximum product spacing, and Bayesian estimation for the MOAPW distribution parameters are discussed. Numerical analysis using real data sets and Monte Carlo simulation are accomplished to compare various estimation methods. This novel model’s supremacy upon some famous distributions is explained using two real data sets (...) and it is shown that the MOAPW model can achieve better fits than other competitive distributions. (shrink)

This paper is concerned with the estimation of the Weibull generalized exponential distribution parameters based on the adaptive Type-II progressive censored sample. Maximum likelihood estimation, maximum product spacing, and Bayesian estimation based on Markov chain Monte Carlo methods have been determined to find the best estimation method. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to compare the three methods of estimation based on the ATIIP-censored sample, and also, we made a bootstrap confidence interval estimation. We will analyze data related to the (...) distribution about single carbon fiber and electrical data as real data cases to show how the schemes work in practice. (shrink)

Der Philosophenstreit schreibt eines der bedeutsamsten Kapitel der Geistesgeschichte. Vor über eintausend Jahren wurde er von Ibn-Sīnā (Avicenna) durch seine kühnen, wohl aber umstrittenen Thesen begründet. Eröffnet wurde er hingegen von Ġazālī, welcher das Werk Ibn-Sīnās einer Kritik unterzog. Ibn-Rušd (Averroes) fühlte sich berufen, in diesen Streit einzugreifen und über beide Autoren zu urteilen. Mit seinem Werk hat er den Streit nicht beendet, sondern weiter verschärft. Im Mittelpunkt stehen wesentliche Fragen, die jeden Menschen angehen. Sie werden kontrovers vorgetragen. Karam (...) class='Hi'>Khella behandelt den heute noch unentschiedenen Streit und erläutert die einzelnen Positionen. Zum ersten Mal wird die komplexe Debatte übersichtlich integriert dargestellt, aufgeschlüsselt und aktualisiert. Mit diesem Werk schließt Khella eine empfindliche Forschungs- und Literaturlücke und demonstriert die Bedeutung des Philosophenstreits für die Menschen von heute. Die Kontroversen werden nicht nur im historischen Kontext, sondern auch mit Bezug auf die Gegenwart analysiert. (shrink)

Geschichte und Inhalte der arabischen und islamischen Philosophie und ihr Einfluß auf das europäische Denken. Die klassische arabische Philosophie ist einer der bedeutsamsten Höhepunkte der Geistesgeschichte. Dieses Buch ist geeignet, in diese Philosophie einzuführen und sich in ihre Inhalte zu vertiefen. Kenntnisse der arabischen Sprache oder sonstiges Vorwissen werden nicht vorausgesetzt. Es heißt zwar „Geschichte“, ist aber ein Buch für unsere Zeit mit Antworten auf unsere Fragen, vielleicht auch mit Lösungen für die jetzige Geisteskrise. Die Hauptlinien des arabischen philosophischen Denkens (...) werden verständnisorientiert dargelegt. Wichtige Philosophen wie Kindī, Rāzī, Farābī, die Lauteren Geschwister Iḫwān aṣ-Ṣafāʾ, Ibn-Sīnā, Ġazālī, Ibn-Rušd und Musa b. Maimūn werden präsentiert, ihre Lehren jedem Menschen verständlich vorgestellt. Die stark humanistisch und ethisch betonten Ansätze werden vor dem Hintergrund ihres historischen Kontextes aufbereitet. Die arabische Klassik gewinnt in der Gegenwart erneute Aktualität. (shrink)

Multilingual dictionary of philosophical terms.

Selected research articles on business ethics in Mongolia.

В книге продолжается обсуждение тем, представленных в труде "Психология нравственности", изданном в 2010 году. Авторы обсуждают пути решения проблем и преодоления переживаемого нашим обществом глубокого нравственного кризиса.

According to traditional Judeo-Christian-Islamic theism, God is an omniscient, omnipotent, and morally perfect agent. This volume shows that philosophy of religion needs to take seriously alternative concepts of the divine, and demonstrates the considerable philosophical interest that they hold.

Издание содержит: теоретические основания субъектного подхода в психологии; основные направления психологического анализа; экспериментальные исследования психологии субъекта и др.

Morals of 13th-20th century Mongolian Moral Doctrines.

В издании подробно исследуется философское наследие четырех учителей дигамбарской ветви джайнизма.